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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "UNIQ 1"
.TH UNIQ 1 "2001-06-06" "perl v5.20.0" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
uniq \- report or filter out repeated lines in a file
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
uniq [\fB\-c\fR | \fB\-d\fR | \fB\-u\fR] [\fB\-f\fR \fIfields\fR] [\fB\-s\fR \fIchars\fR] [\fIinput files\fR]
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
The uniq utility reads the standard input comparing adjacent lines and
writes a copy of each unique input line to the standard output.  The sec\-
ond and succeeding copies of identical adjacent input lines are not writ\-
ten.  Repeated lines in the input will not be detected if they are not
adjacent, so it may be necessary to sort the files first.
.PP
The following options are available:
.IP "c" 4
.IX Item "c"
Precede each output line with the count of the number of times the
line occurred in the input, followed by a single space.
.Sp
= item d
.Sp
Don't output lines that are not repeated in the input.
.IP "f \fIfields\fR" 4
.IX Item "f fields"
Ignore the first fields in each input line when doing compar\-
isons.  A field is a string of non-blank characters separated
from adjacent fields by blanks.  Field numbers are one based,
i.e. the first field is field one.
.IP "s \fIchars\fR" 4
.IX Item "s chars"
Ignore the first chars characters in each input line when doing
comparisons.  If specified in conjunction with the \fB\-f\fR option, the
first chars characters after the first fields fields will be ig\-
nored.  Character numbers are one based, i.e. the first character is
character one.
.IP "u" 4
.IX Item "u"
Don't output lines that are repeated in the input.
.PP
If additional arguments are specified on the command line, they are
used as the names of input files.
.PP
The uniq utility exits 0 on success or >0 if an error occurred.
.SH "COMPATIBILITY"
.IX Header "COMPATIBILITY"
The historic \fB\-\fR\fInumber\fR and \fB+\fR\fInumber\fR options are supported as
synonyms for \fB\-f\fR \fIfields\fR and \fB\-s\fR \fIchars\fR, respectively.
.PP
This version accepts 0 as a valid argument for the \fB\-f\fR and
\&\fB\-s\fR switches; some implementations of uniq do not.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
\&\fIsort\fR\|(1)
.SH "BUGS"
.IX Header "BUGS"
\&\fIuniq\fR has no known bugs.
.SH "AUTHOR"
.IX Header "AUTHOR"
The Perl implementation of \fIuniq\fR was written by Jonathan Feinberg,
\&\fIjdf@pobox.com\fR.
.SH "COPYRIGHT and LICENSE"
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT and LICENSE"
This program is copyright (c) Jonathan Feinberg 1999.
.PP
This program is free and open software. You may use, modify, distribute,
and sell this program (and any modified variants) in any way you wish,
provided you do not restrict others from doing the same.