.\" .\" Copyright (c) 1990, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 AT&T .\" All Rights Reserved .\" .\" Portions of this source code were derived from Berkeley 4.3 BSD .\" under license from the Regents of the University of California. .\" .ds ]W SunOS 5.11 . # month name . \".if "\nd"0" .nr m \n(mo-1 . \".if "\nm"0" .ds ]m January . \".if "\nm"1" .ds ]m February . \".if "\nm"2" .ds ]m March . \".if "\nm"3" .ds ]m April . \".if "\nm"4" .ds ]m May . \".if "\nm"5" .ds ]m June . \".if "\nm"6" .ds ]m July . \".if "\nm"7" .ds ]m August . \".if "\nm"8" .ds ]m September . \".if "\nm"9" .ds ]m October . \".if "\nm"10" .ds ]m November . \".if "\nm"11" .ds ]m December . # set the date . \".if n \{.nr m \nm+1 . \". ie \nd .ds ]W Modified \nm/\nd/\ny . \". el .ds ]W Printed \n(mo/\n(dy/\n(yr\} . \".if t \{.ie \nd .ds ]W \*(]m \nd, 19\ny . \". el .ds ]W \*(]m \n(dy, 19\n(yr\} . # end of commented out chunk .if t .tr *\(** .ie n \{\ . ds lq "" . ds rq "" .\} .el \{\ . ds rq '' . ds lq `` .\} .ds || /usr/share/lib/tmac .de UC . \".if t \{\ . \". ie "\\$1"" .ds ]W 3rd Berkeley Distribution . \". ie "\\$1"4" .ds ]W \\$1th Berkeley Distribution . \". el .ds ]w \\$2 \\$1 BSD . \".\} .. . # reset the basic page layout .de }E .}f .in \\n()Ru+\\n(INu .ll \\n(LLu .. . # default tabs .de DT .ta .5i 1i 1.5i 2i 2.5i 3i 3.5i 4i 4.5i 5i 5.5i 6i 6.5i .. . # set type font and size .de }f .ps 10 .ft 1 .. . # handle the head of the page .de }H .ev 1 .}C 'sp .5i .ft 1 .ps 10 .ie \\w'\\*(]D\\*(]H'u+2n>6.5i \{\ \" compare titles to line length .tl \\*(]D \" multiple line output .tl \\*(]H\} \" multiple line output .el .tl \\*(]D\\*(]H 'sp .5i .ev .ns .. . # handle the foot of the page .de }F .ev 1 .ft 1 .ps 10 'sp .5i .if !\\nD .tl \\*(]W\\*(]L\\*(PN% .if \\nD .if o .tl \\*(]W\\*(]L\\*(PN% .if \\nD .if e .tl \\*(PN%\\*(]L\\*(]W .if !\\nX 'bp .if \\nX .if \\n%>=\\nX \{\ .ds PN \\n% .pn 1 .af % a .nr X 0 'bp 1\} .if \\nX .if \\n%<\\nX 'bp .ev .. . # no runout unless there was a .TH .de }K .}N .pl 1 .ll \\n(LLu .. .em }K . # set title and heading .de TH .PD .DT .if n .nr IN .5i .if t .nr IN .5i .ll 6.5i .nr LL \\n(.l .ds ]H \\$1\|(\|\\$2\|) .ds ]D Misc. Reference Manual Pages .if '\\$2'1' .ds ]D User Commands .if '\\$2'1B' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Package Commands .if '\\$2'1b' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Package Commands .if '\\$2'1C' .ds ]D Communication Commands .if '\\$2'1c' .ds ]D Communication Commands .if '\\$2'1F' .ds ]D FMLI Commands .if '\\$2'1f' .ds ]D FMLI Commands .if '\\$2'1G' .ds ]D Graphics and CAD Commands .if '\\$2'1g' .ds ]D Graphics and CAD Commands .if '\\$2'1M' .ds ]D Maintenance Commands .if '\\$2'1m' .ds ]D Maintenance Commands .if '\\$2'1S' .ds ]D SunOS Specific Commands .if '\\$2'1s' .ds ]D SunOS Specific Commands .if '\\$2'2' .ds ]D System Calls .if '\\$2'3' .ds ]D Introduction to Library Functions .if '\\$2'3AIO' .ds ]D Asynchronous I/O Library Functions .if '\\$2'3aio' .ds ]D Asynchronous I/O Library Functions .if '\\$2'3BSM' .ds ]D Security and Auditing Library Functions .if '\\$2'3bsm' .ds ]D Security and Auditing Library Functions .if '\\$2'3C' .ds ]D Standard C Library Functions .if '\\$2'3c' .ds ]D Standard C Library Functions .if '\\$2'3CFGADM' .ds ]D Configuration Administration Library Functions .if '\\$2'3cfgadm' .ds ]D Configuration Administration Library Functions .if '\\$2'3CURSES' .ds ]D Curses Library Functions .if '\\$2'3curses' .ds ]D Curses Library Functions .if '\\$2'3DEVID' .ds ]D Device ID Library Functions .if '\\$2'3devid' .ds ]D Device ID Library Functions .if '\\$2'3DEVINFO' .ds ]D Device Information Library Functions .if '\\$2'3devinfo' .ds ]D Device Information Library Functions .if '\\$2'3DL' .ds ]D Dynamic Linking Library Functions .if '\\$2'3dl' .ds ]D Dynamic Linking Library Functions .if '\\$2'3DMI' .ds ]D DMI Library Functions .if '\\$2'3dmi' .ds ]D DMI Library Functions .if '\\$2'3DOOR' .ds ]D Door Library Functions .if '\\$2'3door' .ds ]D Door Library Functions .if '\\$2'3ELF' .ds ]D ELF Library Functions .if '\\$2'3elf' .ds ]D ELF Library Functions .if '\\$2'3EXT' .ds ]D Extended Library Functions .if '\\$2'3ext' .ds ]D Extended Library Functions .if '\\$2'3GEN' .ds ]D String Pattern-Matching Library Functions .if '\\$2'3gen' .ds ]D String Pattern-Matching Library Functions .if '\\$2'3HEAD' .ds ]D Headers .if '\\$2'3head' .ds ]D Headers .if '\\$2'3KRB' .ds ]D Kerberos Library Functions .if '\\$2'3krb' .ds ]D Kerberos Library Functions .if '\\$2'3KSTAT' .ds ]D Kernel Statistics Library Functions .if '\\$2'3kstat' .ds ]D Kernel Statistics Library Functions .if '\\$2'3KVM' .ds ]D Kernel VM Library Functions .if '\\$2'3kvm' .ds ]D Kernel VM Library Functions .if '\\$2'3LDAP' .ds ]D LDAP Library Functions .if '\\$2'3ldap' .ds ]D LDAP Library Functions .if '\\$2'3LIB' .ds ]D Interface Libraries .if '\\$2'3lib' .ds ]D Interface Libraries .if '\\$2'3LIBUCB' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Interface Libraries .if '\\$2'3libucb' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Interface Libraries .if '\\$2'3M' .ds ]D Mathematical Library Functions .if '\\$2'3m' .ds ]D Mathematical Library Functions .if '\\$2'3MAIL' .ds ]D User Mailbox Library Functions .if '\\$2'3mail' .ds ]D User Mailbox Library Functions .if '\\$2'3MALLOC' .ds ]D Memory Allocation Library Functions .if '\\$2'3malloc' .ds ]D Memory Allocation Library Functions .if '\\$2'3MP' .ds ]D Multiple Precision Library Functions .if '\\$2'3mp' .ds ]D Multiple Precision Library Functions .if '\\$2'3NSL' .ds ]D Networking Services Library Functions .if '\\$2'3nsl' .ds ]D Networking Services Library Functions .if '\\$2'3PAM' .ds ]D PAM Library Functions .if '\\$2'3pam' .ds ]D PAM Library Functions .if '\\$2'3PLOT' .ds ]D Graphics Interface Library Functions .if '\\$2'3plot' .ds ]D Graphics Interface Library Functions .if '\\$2'3PROC' .ds ]D Process Control Library Functions .if '\\$2'3proc' .ds ]D Process Control Library Functions .if '\\$2'3RAC' .ds ]D Remote Asynchronous Calls Library Functions .if '\\$2'3rac' .ds ]D Remote Asynchronous Calls Library Functions .if '\\$2'3RESOLV' .ds ]D Resolver Library Functions .if '\\$2'3resolv' .ds ]D Resolver Library Functions .if '\\$2'3RPC' .ds ]D RPC Library Functions .if '\\$2'3rpc' .ds ]D RPC Library Functions .if '\\$2'3RT' .ds ]D Realtime Library Functions .if '\\$2'3rt' .ds ]D Realtime Library Functions .if '\\$2'3SCHED' .ds ]D LWP Scheduling Library Functions .if '\\$2'3sched' .ds ]D LWP Scheduling Library Functions .if '\\$2'3SEC' .ds ]D File Access Control Library Functions .if '\\$2'3sec' .ds ]D File Access Control Library Functions .if '\\$2'3SNMP' .ds ]D SNMP Library Functions .if '\\$2'3snmp' .ds ]D SNMP Library Functions .if '\\$2'3SOCKET' .ds ]D Sockets Library Functions .if '\\$2'3socket' .ds ]D Sockets Library Functions .if '\\$2'3THR' .ds ]D Threads Library Functions .if '\\$2'3thr' .ds ]D Threads Library Functions .if '\\$2'3TNF' .ds ]D TNF Library Functions .if '\\$2'3tnf' .ds ]D TNF Library Functions .if '\\$2'3UCB' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Library Functions .if '\\$2'3ucb' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Library Functions .if '\\$2'3VOLMGT' .ds ]D Volume Management Library Functions .if '\\$2'3volmgt' .ds ]D Volume Management Library Functions .if '\\$2'3XCURSES' .ds ]D X/Open Curses Library Functions .if '\\$2'3xcurses' .ds ]D X/Open Curses Library Functions .if '\\$2'3XFN' .ds ]D XFN Interface Library Functions .if '\\$2'3xfn' .ds ]D XFN Interface Library Functions .if '\\$2'3XNET' .ds ]D X/Open Networking Services Library Functions .if '\\$2'3xnet' .ds ]D X/Open Networking Services Library Functions .if '\\$2'3B' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Library Functions .if '\\$2'3b' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Library Functions .if '\\$2'3E' .ds ]D C Library Functions .if '\\$2'3e' .ds ]D C Library Functions .if '\\$2'3F' .ds ]D Fortran Library Routines .if '\\$2'3f' .ds ]D Fortran Library Routines .if '\\$2'3G' .ds ]D C Library Functions .if '\\$2'3g' .ds ]D C Library Functions .if '\\$2'3K' .ds ]D Kernel VM Library Functions .if '\\$2'3k' .ds ]D Kernel VM Library Functions .if '\\$2'3L' .ds ]D Lightweight Processes Library .if '\\$2'3l' .ds ]D Lightweight Processes Library .if '\\$2'3N' .ds ]D Network Functions .if '\\$2'3n' .ds ]D Network Functions .if '\\$2'3R' .ds ]D Realtime Library .if '\\$2'3r' .ds ]D Realtime Library .if '\\$2'3S' .ds ]D Standard I/O Functions .if '\\$2'3s' .ds ]D Standard I/O Functions .if '\\$2'3T' .ds ]D Threads Library .if '\\$2'3t' .ds ]D Threads Library .if '\\$2'3W' .ds ]D C Library Functions .if '\\$2'3w' .ds ]D C Library Functions .if '\\$2'3X' .ds ]D Miscellaneous Library Functions .if '\\$2'3x' .ds ]D Miscellaneous Library Functions .if '\\$2'3XC' .ds ]D X/Open Curses Library Functions .if '\\$2'3xc' .ds ]D X/Open Curses Library Functions .if '\\$2'3XN' .ds ]D X/Open Networking Services Library Functions .if '\\$2'3xn' .ds ]D X/Open Networking Services Library Functions .if '\\$2'4' .ds ]D File Formats .if '\\$2'4B' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Package File Formats .if '\\$2'4b' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Package File Formats .if '\\$2'5' .ds ]D Standards, Environments, and Macros .if '\\$2'6' .ds ]D Games and Demos .if '\\$2'7' .ds ]D Device and Network Interfaces .if '\\$2'7B' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Special Files .if '\\$2'7b' .ds ]D SunOS/BSD Compatibility Special Files .if '\\$2'7D' .ds ]D Devices .if '\\$2'7d' .ds ]D Devices .if '\\$2'7FS' .ds ]D File Systems .if '\\$2'7fs' .ds ]D File Systems .if '\\$2'7I' .ds ]D Ioctl Requests .if '\\$2'7i' .ds ]D Ioctl Requests .if '\\$2'7M' .ds ]D STREAMS Modules .if '\\$2'7m' .ds ]D STREAMS Modules .if '\\$2'7P' .ds ]D Protocols .if '\\$2'7p' .ds ]D Protocols .if '\\$2'8' .ds ]D Maintenance Procedures .if '\\$2'8C' .ds ]D Maintenance Procedures .if '\\$2'8c' .ds ]D Maintenance Procedures .if '\\$2'8S' .ds ]D Maintenance Procedures .if '\\$2'8s' .ds ]D Maintenance Procedures .if '\\$2'9' .ds ]D Device Driver Interfaces .if '\\$2'9E' .ds ]D Driver Entry Points .if '\\$2'9e' .ds ]D Driver Entry Points .if '\\$2'9F' .ds ]D Kernel Functions for Drivers .if '\\$2'9f' .ds ]D Kernel Functions for Drivers .if '\\$2'9S' .ds ]D Data Structures for Drivers .if '\\$2'9s' .ds ]D Data Structures for Drivers .if '\\$2'L' .ds ]D Local Commands .if !'\\$4'' .ds ]W \\$4 .if !'\\$5'' .ds ]D \\$5 .wh 0 }H .if t .wh -1i }F .if n .wh -1.167i }F .em }M .if !\\n(nl .if !\\nP .nr P 1 .if !\\n(nl .if \\nP .pn \\nP .if \\nX .if \\nP>=\\nX \{\ .ds PN \\nP .pn 1 .af % a .nr X 0 \} .if !\\n(nl .if \\nP .nr P 0 .if \\nC .if \\n(nl .bp .if !\\nC .if \\n(nl .bp 1 .ds ]L Last change: \\$3 .}E .DT .nr )I .5i .nr )R 0 . \".if n .na .mk ka .if !'\\n(ka'-1' .bp .. . # IX - Make an Index Entry .de IX .if \\nF .tm .IE\tENTRY\t\\$1\t\\$2\t\\$3\t\\$4\t\\$5\t\\$6\t\\*(PN\\n% .. . # TZ - resolve title reference .de TZ .rn TZ @T .so \\*(||/tz.map .TZ \\$1 \\$2 .rm @T .. .de HC .rn HC @T .so \\*(||/tz.map .HC \\$1 \\$2 .rm @T .. . # section heading .de SH .}X 0 .nr )E 2 \&\\$1 \|\\$2 \|\\$3 \|\\$4 \|\\$5 \|\\$6 .. . # sub section heading .de SS .}X .25i "" "" .nr )E 2 \&\\$1 \|\\$2 \|\\$3 \|\\$4 \|\\$5 \|\\$6 .br .. . # subroutine for section heading .de }X .}E .ti \\$1 .sp \\n()Pu .ne 2 .nr )R 0 .fi .it 1 }N .SM .B .. . # end of SH (cf }X above and }N below) .de }2 .nr )E 0 .}E .nr )I .5i .ns .. . # italic .de I .ft 2 .it 1 }N .if !"\\$1"" \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 .. . # bold .de B .ft 3 .it 1 }N .if !"\\$1"" \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 .. . # small .de SM .ps 9 .it 1 }N .if !"\\$1"" \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 .. . # combinations of Roman, italic, bold .de RI .}S 1 2 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" .. .de VS .if '\\$1'4' .mc \s12\(br\s0 .. .de VE .mc .. .de RB .}S 1 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" .. .de IR .}S 2 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" .. .de IB .}S 2 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" .. .de BR .}S 3 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" .. .de BI .}S 3 2 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" .. . # make special case of shift out of italic .de }S .ds ]F .if "\\$1"2" .if !"\\$5"" .ds ]F\^ .ie !"\\$4"" .}S \\$2 \\$1 "\\$3\f\\$1\\$4\\*(]F" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7" "\\$8" "\\$9" .el \\$3 .}f .. . # small and boldface .de SB \&\fB\s-1\&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6\s0\fR .. . # paragraph .de P .PP .. . # paragraph .de LP .PP .. .de PP .sp \\n()Pu .ne 2 .}E .nr )I .5i .ns .. . # paragraph distance .de PD .if t .nr )P .4v .if n .nr )P 1v .if !"\\$1"" .nr )P \\$1v .. . # hanging indent .de HP .sp \\n()Pu .ne 2 .if !"\\$1"" .nr )I \\$1n .ll \\n(LLu .in \\n()Ru+\\n(INu+\\n()Iu .ti \\n()Ru+\\n(INu .}f .. . # indented paragraph .de IP .TP \\$2 \&\\$1 .. . # hanging label .de TP .if !"\\$1"" .nr )I \\$1n .sp \\n()Pu .in \\n()Ru .nr )E 1 .ns .it 1 }N .di ]B .. . # end of TP (cf }N below) .de }1 .ds ]X \&\\*(]B\\ .nr )E 0 .if !"\\$1"" .nr )I \\$1n .}f .ll \\n(LLu .in \\n()Ru+\\n(INu+\\n()Iu .ti \\n(INu .ie !\\n()Iu+\\n()Ru-\w\\*(]Xu-3p \{\\*(]X .br\} .el \\*(]X\h|\\n()Iu+\\n()Ru\c .}f .. . # handle end of 1-line features .de }N .if \\n()E .br .di .if "\\n()E"0" .}f .if "\\n()E"1" .}1 .if "\\n()E"2" .}2 .nr )E 0 .. . # increase relative indent .de RS .nr ]\\n+()p \\n()I .nr )\\n()p \\n()R .ie !"\\$1"" .nr )R +\\$1n .el .nr )R +\\n()I .nr )I .5i .}E .. . # decrease relative indent .de RE .if !"\\$1"" \{.ie "\\$1"0" .nr )p 1 1 . el .nr )p \\$1 1\} .ds ]i \\*(]I\\n()p .ds ]r \\*(]R\\n()p .nr )I \\*(]i .nr )R \\*(]r .if \\n()p .nr )p -1 .}E .. .nr )p 0 1 .ds ]I \\\\n(] .ds ]R \\\\n() .bd S 3 3 .if t .ds R \(rg .if n .ds R (Reg.) .ds S \s10 .hy 14