'\" te .\" Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. .TH init.d 4 "24 Sep 2015" "SunOS 5.11" "File Formats" .SH NAME init.d \- initialization and termination scripts for changing init states .SH SYNOPSIS .LP .nf \fB/etc/init.d\fR .fi .SH DESCRIPTION .sp .LP \fB/etc/init.d\fR is a directory containing initialization and termination scripts for changing init states. These scripts are linked when appropriate to files in the \fBrc?.d\fR directories, where `\fB?\fR' is a single character corresponding to the init state. See \fBinit\fR(1M) for definitions of the states. .sp .LP The service management facility (see \fBsmf\fR(5)) is the preferred mechanism for service initiation and termination. The \fBinit.d\fR and \fBrc?.d\fR directories are obsolete, and are provided for compatibility purposes only. Applications launched from these directories by \fBsvc.startd\fR(1M) are incomplete services, and are not restarted on failure. .sp .LP File names in \fBrc?.d\fR directories are of the form \fB[SK]nn\fI\fR\fR, where \fBS\fR means start this job, \fBK\fR means kill this job, and \fBnn\fR is the relative sequence number for killing or starting the job. .sp .LP When entering a state (init S,0,2,3,etc.) the \fBrc[S0-6]\fR script executes those scripts in \fB/etc/rc[S0-6].d\fR that are prefixed with \fBK\fR followed by those scripts prefixed with \fBS\fR. When executing each script in one of the \fB/etc/rc[S0-6]\fR directories, the \fB/usr/sbin/rc[S0-6]\fR script passes a single argument. It passes the argument 'stop' for scripts prefixed with \fBK\fR and the argument 'start' for scripts prefixed with \fBS\fR. There is no harm in applying the same sequence number to multiple scripts. In this case the order of execution is deterministic but unspecified. .sp .LP Guidelines for selecting sequence numbers are provided in \fBREADME\fR files located in the directory associated with that target state. For example, \fB/etc/rc[S0-6].d/README\fR. Absence of a \fBREADME\fR file indicates that there are currently no established guidelines. .sp .LP Do not put \fB/etc/init.d\fR in your \fB$PATH\fR. Having this directory in your \fB$PATH\fR can cause unexpected behavior. The programs in \fB/etc/init.d\fR are associated with \fBinit\fR state changes and, under normal circumstances, are not intended to be invoked from a command line. .SH EXAMPLES .LP \fBExample 1 \fRExample of \fB/usr/sbin/rc2\fR. .sp .LP When changing to init state 2 (multi-user mode, network resources not exported), \fB/sbin/rc2\fR is initiated by the \fBsvc.startd\fR(1M) process. The following steps are performed by \fB/usr/sbin/rc2\fR. .RS +4 .TP 1. In the directory \fB/etc/rc2.d\fR are files used to stop processes that should not be running in state 2. The filenames are prefixed with \fBK\fR. Each \fBK\fR file in the directory is executed (by \fB/usr/sbin/rc2\fR) in alphanumeric order when the system enters init state 2. See example below. .RE .RS +4 .TP 2. Also in the \fBrc2.d\fR directory are files used to start processes that should be running in state 2. As in Step 1, each \fBS\fR file is executed. .RE .sp .LP Assume the file \fB/etc/init.d/netdaemon\fR is a script that initiates networking daemons when given the argument 'start', and terminates the daemons if given the argument 'stop'. It is linked to \fB/etc/rc2.d/S68netdaemon\fR, and to \fB/etc/rc0.d/K67netdaemon\fR. The file is executed by \fB/etc/rc2.d/S68netdaemon start\fR when init state 2 is entered and by \fB/etc/rc0.d/K67netdaemon stop\fR when shutting the system down. .SH SEE ALSO .sp .LP \fBsvcs\fR(1), \fBinit\fR(1M), \fBsvc.startd\fR(1M), \fBsvccfg\fR(1M), \fBsmf\fR(5) .SH NOTES .sp .LP Solaris now provides an expanded mechanism, which includes automated restart, for applications historically started using the init script mechanism. The Service Management Facility (introduced in \fBsmf\fR(5)) is the preferred delivery mechanism for persistently running applications. Existing \fBinit.d\fR scripts continue to be executed according to the rules in this manual page. The details of execution in relation to managed services are available in \fBsvc.startd\fR(1M). .sp .LP On earlier Solaris releases, a script named with a suffix of '.sh' would be sourced, allowing scripts to modify the environment of other scripts executed later. This behavior is no longer supported; for altering the environment in which services are run, see the \fBsetenv\fR subcommand in \fBsvccfg\fR(1M). .sp .LP Note that a script named with a suffix of '.sh' does not receive the \fIstart\fR or \fIstop\fR parameter that is received by the scripts which do not have any suffix of '.sh'. .sp .LP \fB/usr/sbin/rc2\fR has references to the obsolescent \fBrc.d\fR directory. These references are for compatibility with old \fBINSTALL\fR scripts. New \fBINSTALL\fR scripts should use the \fBinit.d\fR directory for related executables. The same is true for the \fBshutdown.d\fR directory.