'\" te .\" Copyright (c) 2004, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. .\" Copyright 1989 AT&T .\" Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. .TH resolv.conf 4 "28 Feb 2014" "SunOS 5.11" "File Formats" .SH NAME resolv.conf \- resolver configuration file .SH SYNOPSIS .LP .nf \fBsvc:/network/dns/client\fR .fi .LP .nf \fB/etc/resolv.conf\fR .fi .SH DESCRIPTION .sp .LP The resolver is a set of routines that provide access to the Internet Domain Name System. See \fBresolver\fR(3RESOLV). .sp .LP \fBresolv.conf\fR is a configuration file that contains the information that is read by the resolver routines the first time they are invoked by a process. The file is designed to be human readable and contains a list of keywords with values that provide various types of resolver information. .sp .LP The configuration used by the resolver is managed by SMF in the \fBsvc:/network/dns/client\fR service. .sp .LP For the purposes of backwards compatibility, the \fBresolv.conf\fR file is regenerated from the SMF properties. .sp .LP The following properties are supported and contained in the \fBconfig\fR property group of the \fBsvc:/network/dns/client\fR service. .sp .LP The following properties are single-valued or multi-valued: .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBnameserver\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n Specifies the IPv4 or IPv6 Internet address of a name server that the resolver is to query. Up to \fIMAXNS\fR name servers may be listed, one per keyword. See \fB\fR. If there are multiple servers, the resolver library queries them in the order listed. If no name server entries are present, the resolver library queries the name server on the local machine. The resolver library follows the algorithm to try a name server until the query times out. It then tries the name servers that follow, until each query times out. It repeats all the name servers until a maximum number of retries are made. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBdomain\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n Specifies the local domain name. Most queries for names within this domain can use short names relative to the local domain. If no domain entry is present, the domain is determined from \fBsysinfo\fR(2) or from \fBgethostname\fR(3C). (Everything after the first `.' is presumed to be the domain name.) If the host name does not contain a domain part, the root domain is assumed. You can use the \fBLOCALDOMAIN\fR environment variable to override the domain name. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBsearch\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n The search list for host name lookup. The search list is normally determined from the local domain name. By default, it contains only the local domain name. You can change the default behavior by listing the desired domain search path following the search keyword, with spaces or tabs separating the names. Most \fBresolver\fR queries will be attempted using each component of the search path in turn until a match is found. This process may be slow and will generate a lot of network traffic if the servers for the listed domains are not local. Queries will time out if no server is available for one of the domains. .sp The search list is currently limited to six domains and a total of 256 characters. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBsortlist\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n Allows addresses returned by the \fBlibresolv-internal\fR \fBgethostbyname()\fR to be sorted. A \fBsortlist\fR is specified by IP address netmask pairs. The netmask is optional and defaults to the natural netmask of the net. The IP address and optional network pairs are separated by slashes. Up to 10 pairs may be specified. For example: .sp .in +2 .nf sortlist 130.155.160.0/255.255.240.0 130.155.0.0 .fi .in -2 .sp .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBoptions\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n Allows certain internal resolver variables to be modified. The syntax is .sp .in +2 .nf options option ... .fi .in -2 .sp where option is one of the following: .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBdebug\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n Sets \fBRES_DEBUG\fR in the \fB_res.options\fR field. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBndots:\fR\fIn\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n Sets a threshold floor for the number of dots which must appear in a name given to \fBres_query()\fR before an initial absolute (as-is) query is performed. See \fBresolver\fR(3RESOLV). The default value for \fIn\fR is 1, which means that if there are any dots in a name, the name is tried first as an absolute name before any search list elements are appended to it. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBtimeout:\fR\fIn\fR\fR .ad .br .na \fB\fBretrans:\fR\fIn\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n Sets the amount of time the resolver will wait for a response from a remote name server before retrying the query by means of a different name server. Measured in seconds, the default is \fBRES_TIMEOUT\fR. See <\fBresolv.h\fR>. The \fBtimeout\fR and \fBretrans\fR values are the starting point for an exponential back off procedure where the \fBtimeout\fR is doubled for every retransmit attempt. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBattempts:\fR\fIn\fR\fR .ad .br .na \fB\fBretry:\fR\fIn\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n Sets the number of times the resolver will send a query to its name servers before giving up and returning an error to the calling application. The default is \fBRES_DFLRETRY\fR. See <\fBresolv.h\fR>. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBrotate\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n Sets \fBRES_ROTATE\fR in \fB_res.options\fR. The name servers are queried round-robin from among those listed. The query load is spread among all listed servers, rather than having all clients try the first listed server first every time. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBno-check-names\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n Sets \fBRES_NOCHECKNAME\fR in \fB_res.options\fR. This disables the modern BIND checking of incoming host names and mail names for invalid characters such as underscore (\fB_\fR), non-ASCII, or control characters. .RE .sp .ne 2 .mk .na \fB\fBinet6\fR\fR .ad .sp .6 .RS 4n Sets \fBRES_USE_INET6\fR in \fB_res.options\fR. In the Solaris BIND port, this has no effect on \fBgethostbyname\fR(3NSL). To retrieve IPv6 addresses or IPv4 addresses, use \fBgetaddrinfo\fR(3SOCKET) instead of setting \fBinet6\fR. .RE .RE .sp .LP The \fBdomain\fR and \fBsearch\fR keywords are mutually exclusive. If more than one instance of these keywords is present, the last instance takes precedence. .sp .LP You can override the \fBsearch\fR keyword of the system \fBresolv.conf\fR file on a per-process basis by setting the environment variable \fBLOCALDOMAIN\fR to a space-separated list of search domains. .sp .LP You can amend the \fBoptions\fR keyword of the system \fBresolv.conf\fR file on a per-process basis by setting the environment variable \fBRES_OPTIONS\fR to a space-separated list of resolver options. .sp .LP The keyword and value must appear on a single line. Start the line with the keyword, for example, \fBnameserver\fR, followed by the value, separated by white space. .sp .LP The \fBLOCALDOMAIN\fR environment variable is only supported when an application is compiled to directly call APIs from the \fBresolver\fR(3RESOLV) library. .sp .LP The \fBHOSTALIAS\fR environment variable is only supported when an application is compiled to directly call APIs from the \fBresolver\fR(3RESOLV) library. .SS "Interaction with Location Profiles" .sp .LP DNS configuration data is sometimes managed in Location profiles (refer to \fBnetcfg\fR(1M) for more information about location profiles). When profiles are fixed, the network configuration is being managed in the traditional way, as discussed above. When profiles are reactive, meaning the network configuration is being managed automatically, reactions to changes in the network environment occur according to policy rules specified in the location profiles. .sp .LP When a fixed location (there can currently be only one, the DefaultFixed location) is active, changes made to the SMF repository will be applied to the location when it is disabled, and thus will be restored if that location is later re-enabled. .sp .LP When a reactive location is active, changes should not be applied directly to the SMF repository; these changes will not be preserved in the location profile, and will thus be lost if the location is disabled, or if the system's network configuration, as managed by \fBsvc:/network/physical:default\fR and \fBsvc:/network/location:default\fR, is refreshed or restarted. Changes should instead be applied to the location itself, using the \fBnetcfg\fR(1M) command; this will save the change to the location profile repository, and will also apply it to the SMF repository (if the change is made to the currently active location). .sp .LP When a reactive location is active, DNS configuration data is stored in the following location profile properties: .sp .in +2 .nf dns-nameservice-domain dns-nameservice-servers dns-nameservice-search dns-nameservice-sortlist dns-nameservice-options .fi .in -2 .sp .SH EXAMPLES .LP \fBExample 1 \fRListing Available Configuration Parameters for \fBsvc:/network/dns/client\fR .sp .LP Use the following command to list the available configuration parameters for \fBsvc:/network/dns/client\fR: .sp .in +2 .nf $ \fBsvccfg -s network/dns/client describe -tv config\fR .fi .in -2 .sp .LP \fBExample 2 \fRConfiguring a Client in Sub Domain to Use DNS Servers and Try \fBgivenname\fR and Make Two Attempts To Contact Each Server .sp .LP Use the following commands to configure a client in sub domain \fBus.example.com\fR to use two DNS servers, to try a givenname \fBas-is\fR if it has two or more dots, and to only make two attempts to contact each server: .sp .in +2 .nf $ \fBsvccfg -s svc:/network/dns/client setprop config/nameserver = \\fR \fBnet_address: \( 192.168.0.1 10.0.0.1 \)\fR .fi .in -2 .sp .sp .in +2 .nf $ \fBsvccfg -s svc:/network/dns/client \\fR \fBsetprop config/search = astring: \( us.example.com example.com \)\fR .fi .in -2 .sp .sp .in +2 .nf $ \fBsvccfg -s svc:/network/dns/client \\fR \fBsetprop config/options = astring: \"ndots:2 attempts:2\"\fR .fi .in -2 .sp .sp .in +2 .nf $ \fBsvcadm refresh svc:/network/dns/client\fR .fi .in -2 .sp .sp .LP Few points to note while executing this example: .RS +4 .TP .ie t \(bu .el o \fBattempts\fR is overridden by \fBretries\fR option in \fBnsswitch.conf\fR(4) when standard application interfaces such as \fBgethostbyname()\fR and \fBgetipnodebyname()\fR are used. .RE .RS +4 .TP .ie t \(bu .el o \fBconfig/search\fR and \fBconfig/nameserver\fR take a multiple values, not a space separated list. .RE .RS +4 .TP .ie t \(bu .el o \fBconfig/options\fR is a space separated list of options. .RE .RS +4 .TP .ie t \(bu .el o \fBrefresh\fR is necessary for the requested changes to take effect. .RE .SH ATTRIBUTES .sp .LP See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: .sp .sp .TS tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) . ATTRIBUTE TYPEATTRIBUTE VALUE _ Interface StabilityCommitted _ StandardBIND 8.3.3 .TE .SH SEE ALSO .sp .LP \fBdomainname\fR(1M), \fBnetcfg\fR(1M), \fBsvcadm\fR(1M), \fBsvccfg\fR(1M), \fBsysinfo\fR(2), \fBgethostbyname\fR(3NSL), \fBgetnameinfo\fR(3SOCKET), \fBgetipnodebyname\fR(3SOCKET), \fBgethostname\fR(3C), \fBresolver\fR(3RESOLV), \fBattributes\fR(5) .sp .LP \fIWorking With Oracle Solaris 11.3 Directory and Naming Services: DNS and NIS\fR .sp .LP \fIWorking With Oracle Solaris 11.3 Directory and Naming Services: LDAP\fR .sp .LP Vixie, Paul, Dunlap, Keven J., Karels, Michael J. \fIName Server Operations Guide for BIND\fR. Internet Software Consortium, 1996.